Education & Research — Cyber Threat Activity
Education and research is targeted for openness, and our log records more than 550 incidents against it across 58 countries, over 140 in the trailing 180 days. 51 groups have been attributed at least one claim, led by Qilin (67), INC Ransom (48), SafePay (38), LockBit (29) and RansomHub (28). Universities are structurally difficult to defend: they run large transient user populations, decentralised IT owned by individual faculties, and networks built to share rather than to restrict, all while holding student records, health data, payment systems and unpublished research on the same infrastructure. Schools and districts sit at the other end of the same problem with a fraction of the staff. The FBI has warned specifically about ransomware crews concentrating on education institutions, and the sector's incident rate is visibly term-driven. Alongside the extortion, education carries a distinct espionage profile that no other commercial sector shares. Iranian-linked operators have run sustained credential phishing against universities using spoofed library and login pages, at one point covering 76 universities across 14 countries from a single infrastructure set, with the objective of reaching subscription research and intellectual property rather than student data. That is theft of the sector's actual product. Our graph records 98 groups in total once profile-level research associations are included. Recorded geography is heavily United States at 363 claims, then the United Kingdom, Canada, France, Brazil and India. Treat the totals as leak-site claims rather than confirmed breaches. The instructive point for the sector is that its two threats want opposite things: one wants the network stopped, the other wants it working and unobserved for as long as possible.
- Recorded incidents: 746
- Incidents, trailing 180 days: 188
- Tracked threat actors: 115
- Malware families: 146
Recent incidents
- Quy Nhon University 2026-09-19
- Universitt Hamburg 2026-09-18
- www.kendallhunt.com 2026-09-18
- BeLi Teacher / FSC education centers (AWS) 2026-09-18
- United Federation of Teachers 2026-09-18
- Westbridge Institute of Technology, Inc. 2026-09-17
- Odyssey Charter School, Inc. 2026-09-16
- dg.ac.kr 2026-09-16
- Goteborgsregionens Tekniska Gymnasium 2026-09-15
- High Oakham Primary School 2026-09-15
- Springfield Public Schools 2026-09-15
- Dublin City Schools GA 2026-09-14
- Sutton Public Schools 2026-09-12
- California School Employees Association 2026-09-10
- Alaska Electrical Apprenticeship 2026-09-08
- MSM Unify: Global Education Platform - CA 2026-09-07
- TrainMe 2026-09-07
- University of San Francisco 2026-09-07
- Spirit Cultural Exchange - US 2026-09-05
- Hochschule Heilbronn Bildungscampus 2026-09-04
Threat actors targeting Education & Research
- Qilin 85 incidents
- INC Ransom 56 incidents
- SafePay 43 incidents
- LockBit 34 incidents
- Fog Ransomware 34 incidents
- RansomHub 30 incidents
- Rhysida 22 incidents
- FunkSec 21 incidents
- Medusa Ransomware 19 incidents
- The Gentlemen 17 incidents
- KillSec 15 incidents
- ShinyHunters 15 incidents
- Cl0p 14 incidents
- Lynx Ransomware 11 incidents
- NightSpire 9 incidents
- DragonForce 8 incidents
- Krybit 8 incidents
- Akira 7 incidents
- Nova 7 incidents
- Interlock 6 incidents
- BlackSuit 5 incidents
- CMD 5 incidents
- MedusaLocker 4 incidents
- 8Base 4 incidents
Where these victims are
- United States 411
- United Kingdom 29
- Canada 22
- Germany 21
- France 17
- India 14
- Brazil 13
- Australia 12
- Italy 11
- Singapore 11
- Mexico 7
- Israel 6
Malware used against Education & Research
Families used by the threat actors that target this sector, derived from actor tooling rather than observed in these incidents directly.
- Akira Malware
- Cobalt Strike Malware
- Impacket Tool
- Lumma Stealer Malware
- Mimikatz Tool
- PlugX Malware
- PsExec Tool
- Sliver Tool
- AdFind Tool
- Amadey Malware
- Babuk Malware
- China Chopper Malware
Coverage. 94.9% of incidents in our log carry a sector classification; the remainder name a victim we have not placed in an industry. Counts here are a floor, not a total, and are not comparable between sectors of different sizes.