Turkmenistan — Cyber Threat Profile

Turkmenistan operates one of the most repressive and corrupt cyber environments globally, rated 1 out of 100 by Freedom House and 174th out of 180 in the 2025 RSF Press Freedom Index. The State Cybersecurity Department, established in 2019, functions primarily as an instrument of surveillance and censorship rather than defensive security. Documented corruption sees department officials operating a profitable grey market selling VPN access back to citizens at up to 1,000 manats per month, with blanket internet censorship deliberately sustained to generate demand.

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