Eswatini — Cyber Threat Profile

Eswatini launched its National Cybersecurity Strategy in 2025, providing a multi-stakeholder framework addressing policy, legal, technical, and capacity development dimensions. The strategy was informed by an Oxford Global Cyber Security Capacity Centre maturity assessment. Financial sector and ICT organizations are the most cybersecurity-aware, with basic awareness programs in place. However, a critical skills gap exists at all institutional levels, including board and senior management, who broadly lack understanding of cyber threats. No coordinated national cybersecurity awareness framework for the public currently exists. The country enforced its data protection law in 2024, issuing enforcement notices to non-compliant organisations.

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