Libya — Cyber Threat Profile

Libya's cybersecurity environment is severely fragmented due to ongoing political division between rival governments and armed factions, each controlling separate networks and infrastructure. No unified national CERT or cybersecurity authority exists. Critical infrastructure , including oil terminals, financial systems, and telecommunications , is poorly secured and subject to both criminal and politically motivated attacks. Iranian and Russian-linked actors have been observed operating within Libyan digital infrastructure. The telecommunications sector is controlled by competing interests, creating multiple ungoverned entry points. Cybercrime is widespread with minimal law enforcement capacity to respond.

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